This study is focusing on using real demand (number of passengers in each station) and historical weather data to find the best (optimal) location of charging station and their charging duration for a bus route that deploys battery electric buses. In addition, this study tries to find the best arrangement of using holding points for the bus stops to increase the reliability of the service of the battery electric buses.

Decarbonizing the transportation sector and scaling up energy storage are critical for the transition to a net-zero economy. This project will study the potential of connecting fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) to the electrical grid as distributed energy storage and/or electricity generators to supply electricity to the grid when needed. This FCEVs-to-grid pathway can maximize the benefits of the hydrogen infrastructure expansion in Canada to decarbonize both the transportation and power sectors, while providing incentives to FCEV owners.

The transportation sector is responsible for 25% of Canada’s greenhouse gas emissions and efforts to address climate change by electrifying transportation will reduce the demand for gasoline and diesel fuels. At some point in the decline internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicle owners will face the same challenges that have plagued electric and hydrogen vehicle owners – namely insufficient fueling infrastructure to allow for convenient operation of the vehicles.