In multiple sclerosis, the protective coating around nerve cells called myelin and the brain cells that make myelin, called oligodendrocytes, are lost. In addition, research has shown that astrocytes, another type of brain cell, may have a negative impact on recovery in MS. Our project takes on a two-birds-with-one-stone approach to combat MS by delivering genes to the astrocytes to force them to convert into oligodendrocytes. We have shown that in cells we can make different types of oligodendrocytes by using different genes to force conversion.