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Projets par catégorie

The Search for Earliest Triassic Refugia

Four billion species are estimated to have evolved on Earth over the last 3.5 billion years, of which 99% are extinct. The end-Permian extinction is the largest extinction event that resulted in the elimination of 97% of oceanic species. The conditions that led to this devastating event are similar to the environmental changes we are experiencing today, including increasing temperature, ocean acidification and a decrease in ocean circulation. Understanding how marine ecosystems recovered from the end-Permian extinction is vital to future marine conservation efforts. Refuges are defined as sanctuaries to which organisms migrate during times of environmental stress. Despite their importance, the concept of refugia is poorly understood. This project will describe new Early Triassic refugia in Japan and in so-doing provide the necessary first steps to develop a universal framework for the identification of refugia in the rock record. The results could inform best practices to mitigate effects on biodiversity during the projected sixth extinction in our future.

Voir la description complète du projet
Superviseur du corps professoral :

Charles Henderson

Étudiant :

Partenaire :

The University of Tokyo

Discipline :

Earth science

Secteur :

Education

Université :

University of Calgary

Programme :

Globalink Research Award

Regulation of arginine-vasopressin neurons by satiety and body fluid osmolarity

The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is an area of the brain that plays an important role in processing information regarding body homeostasis. Neurons within this area can directly detect circulating signals regarding homeostasis, such as molecules and peptides. Arginine-vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OXT) are two peptides found within the PVN that are thought to be important in regulating hydromineral balance and food intake. Currently, it is not clear whether any subpopulation of PVN AVP-containing or OXT-containing neurons can direclty respond to satiety signals and/or changes in salinity. This research will indentify populations of PVN AVP-containing or OXT-containing that directly respond to changes in salinity and or satiety signals by investigating changes in the electrical properties of neurons. This study will contribute to our understand of how neural circuits are organized with the PVN and will provide new targets for the effective treatment and prevention of obesity of hypertension.

Voir la description complète du projet
Superviseur du corps professoral :

Mark Fry

Étudiant :

Partenaire :

Jichi Medical University

Discipline :

Life Sciences

Secteur :

Université :

University of Manitoba

Programme :

Globalink Research Award

Optimization of perovskite and dye-sensitized solar cells

With the current push towards sustainability and renewable energy, research on solar energy becomes more prominent as it is one of the cleanest forms of energy available. Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and its more efficient derivative, perovskite-sensitized solar cells (PSSCs), are cost-effective solar devices capable of harvesting the sun’s energy to produce electricity. Incorporating titania nanorodes and semi-nanotubes into these solar cells will allow for more surface area for the sensitizers to adhere to as well as provide more efficient transport from electrode to electrode. Due to the tendency towards these cells to degrade due to liquid electrolyte degradation, incorporating a more stable solid radical polymer as the electrolyte is proposed. The student will test the cells for its efficiency, nanostructure, and electrical properties. It is expected that the incorporation of titania nanorode and semi-nanotubes with the new electrolyte will increase the efficiency of the devices thus improving its competitiveness with current DSSC and PSSC models.

Voir la description complète du projet
Superviseur du corps professoral :

Giovanni Fanchini

Étudiant :

Partenaire :

University of Tsukuba

Discipline :

Physics

Secteur :

Education

Université :

Western University

Programme :

Globalink Research Award

Unaccounted for mobile phones in the province of British Columbia

While we know how many mobile phones get recycled through the Recycle My Cell program in Canada, we know much less about the ones that don’t make it into these type of take-back programs. Over the past few years academic research on the topic of mobile phone waste has increased dramatically, although a recent study shows that only about 6% of this research has focused on the North American market. This research project will try to fill in some of the gaps by using material flow analysis and stakeholder interviews to get a better picture of the mobile phone waste landscape in the province of British Columbia. Findings from this study can be used to develop better industry and regulatory strategies for increasing the number of mobile phones that are recycled.

Voir la description complète du projet
Superviseur du corps professoral :

Jennifer Lynes

Étudiant :

Partenaire :

Canadian Wireless Telecommunications Association

Discipline :

Business

Secteur :

Information and cultural industries

Université :

University of Waterloo

Programme :

Accelerate

Amélioration des techniques de fabrication des aides techniques (orthèses, prothèses) dans le milieu hospitalier pédiatrique par l’utilisation de la fabrication additive (impression 3D)

Le Technoparc et le centre hospitalier universitaire Ste-Justine, auquel le centre de réadaptation Marie-Enfant (CRME) est rattaché, désirent offrir un service d’aide technique de classe mondiale pour une clientèle pédiatrique. Le service sera éventuellement logé dans le futur pavillon du Technopole de la Cité internationale de la réadaptation pédiatrique de Montréal dont le but est de prévenir, guérir et traiter le handicap des enfants. Afin d’atteindre cet objectif ambitieux, une modernisation des processus et des équipements doit être envisagée. Dans ce contexte, les responsables du Technoparc veulent connaître comment évolue la fabrication additive dans le milieu des aides techniques. Notre projet indiquera quelles seraient les technologies de fabrication additive les plus appropriées pour la fabrication des aides techniques et permettra de faire ressortir les meilleurs pratiques aux dirigeants. Ces derniers pourront faire des choix éclairés quant à la modernisation de la fabrication des aides.

Voir la description complète du projet
Superviseur du corps professoral :

Sylvie Doré

Étudiant :

Partenaire :

Technoparc Montréal

Discipline :

Engineering

Secteur :

Information and cultural industries; Management of companies and enterprises

Université :

École de technologie supérieure

Programme :

Accelerate

Développement de systèmes intelligents en sécurité routière

Ce projet est un partenariat entre des chercheurs et stagiaires du LICEF-TÉLUQ et la Fondation CAA-Québec. Trois stagiaires participent au projet, dont le but est d’améliorer le bilan routier, diminuer les accidents, et favoriser des comportements plus sécuritaires chez les conducteurs âgés, les piétons et les cyclistes. Les stagiaires testeront et évalueront des technologies de pointe, susceptibles de compenser pour les problèmes ou déficits fréquents chez les conducteurs plus âgés (comme la fatigue), afin de favoriser chez eux une conduire plus sécuritaire. Ils développeront aussi des outils pour faciliter l’étude des situations à risque pour les piétons et cyclistes, et pour trouver des solutions qui accroitront leur sécurité. Les outils développés répondront aux préoccupations de la Fondation pour qui l’amélioration du bilan routier est essentielle et pourra bénéficier des connaissances et de l’expertise acquises en vue du possible prototypage de produits connexes issus du projet.

Voir la description complète du projet
Superviseur du corps professoral :

Évelyne Vallières;Charles Gouin-Vallerand;Neila Mezghani;Charles Gouin-Vallerand;Évelyne Vallières

Étudiant :

Partenaire :

Fondation CAA-Québec

Discipline :

Computer science

Secteur :

Other services (except public administration); Transportation and warehousing

Université :

Télé-Université

Programme :

Accelerate

The enhanced use of numerical methods for reservoir description using well test and production data

Many reservoir engineering studies are based on simplified equations to analyze the production data. However, in many situations such as shale gas reservoirs, these approaches cannot provide the accurate results in presence of non-homogeneous complexities. This project is aimed to use numerical simulation and novel workflows to tackle the limitations of the current analytical methods. These studies are performed using a state-of-the-art reservoir simulation (tNavigator by Rock Flow Dynamics). Some real cases are also considered during this internship period and the applications of the proposed workflows are examined. This internship not only helps me be in close contact with industry, but also helps develop my ideas in close interaction with academia. This is exemplified by analyzing the production data of an unconventional gas well in the Montney Formation in Canada. The participating company will benefit from my research to get a better understanding of some particular issues in building representative reservoir models to improve their software functionalities dealing with building, interpreting and updating complex reservoir models.

Voir la description complète du projet
Superviseur du corps professoral :

Mario Costa Sousa

Étudiant :

Partenaire :

Rock Flow Dynamics Inc

Discipline :

Earth science

Secteur :

Professional, scientific and technical services

Université :

University of Calgary

Programme :

Accelerate

Investigation and Analysis of measurement & simulation-based Core-Follow systems for Nuclear Research Reactors

The Nuclear Reactor Group at McMaster University, in collaboration with the Department of Engineering Physics, propose a project to investigate and analyze software systems for use at nuclear research reactors for core-follow and prediction calculations. This project involves research of nuclear fuel burnup calculations, and the creation of a methodology to couple simulation-based core-follow calculations to operational measurements for nuclear research reactors. This work will include implementation of the advanced core-follow and prediction system at the McMaster Nuclear Reactor. The work is designed to be executed as a post-doctoral project, providing the intern not only with advanced simulation tool experience but also with valuable hands-on experience at a working nuclear facility. Benefits to the partner organization will be the availability of an improved core-tracking tool and methodology and accurate fuel material data, improving operation efficiency, safety and utilization at the facility and providing a foundation for advanced engineering support for future research and production applications.

Voir la description complète du projet
Superviseur du corps professoral :

David Novog

Étudiant :

Partenaire :

McMaster Nuclear Reactor

Discipline :

Engineering

Secteur :

Professional, scientific and technical services

Université :

McMaster University

Programme :

Accelerate

Intervention en activité physique adaptée en utilisant une gérontotechnologie au sein de résidences pour personnes âgées pré fragiles

Ce projet vise à mesurer, d’une part, la faisabilité et l’acceptabilité d’un programme d’activité physique faisant appel à une gérontechnologie auprès des aînés vivant en résidence pour personnes âgées et, d’autre part, les bénéfices d’une telle d’intervention auprès de cette population. Nous faisons appel à une technologie adaptée appelée Jintronix qui offre une variété d’activités simples, ludiques et sécuritaires. Basé sur un système de détection de mouvements, ce système offre un feedback continuel au participant et permet au kinésiologue de suivre à distance les progrès de chaque participant. En plus d’évaluer la qualité du mouvement, Jintronix offre la possibilité d’adapter les paramètres des exercices, tels que la vitesse et l’amplitude de mouvement ainsi que le nombre de répétitions, permettant de personnaliser efficacement les programmes. Nous estimons que ce système pourrait favoriser la pratique d’activités physiques chez les personnes âgées et, par conséquent, améliorer leur santé.

Voir la description complète du projet
Superviseur du corps professoral :

Mylène Aubertin-Leheudre

Étudiant :

Partenaire :

Jintronix

Discipline :

Life Sciences

Secteur :

Information and cultural industries; Professional, scientific and technical services

Université :

Université du Québec à Montréal

Programme :

Accelerate

Efficacy of antibacterial/antifungal mouth rinses in the control of periodontal pathogens and behaviour of neutrophils under these conditions

Periodontitis is a polymicrobial infectious and inflammatory disease that can lead to destruction of supporting structures of teeth. Although pathogenesis of periodontitis includes genetic and environmental factors, oral microbial biofilm elicits an inflammatory host reaction. Improvement in patients with periodontitis relies mainly on elimination or at least control of periodontal pathogens. The aim of this study is to investigate the activity of antibacterial-antifungal mouth rinses on growth and virulence properties of planktonic/biofilm cells of specific periodontal pathogens. Four combinations of antibiotic rinses will be tested initially for efficacy in inhibiting growth of the target bacterial strains that are implicated in periodontal disease and neutrophil behavior. The second tier in this project would be the testing of several other antibiotic combinations that are still in the development stage. The results of this study would determine the ratio of antibiotic and antifungal that would be optimum to use in these existing and the new products. In addition to benefiting Oravital® in the development of these rinses, dental practices will have an effective alternative in the treatment of dental disease.

Voir la description complète du projet
Superviseur du corps professoral :

Michael Glogauer

Étudiant :

Partenaire :

Oravital Inc

Discipline :

Life Sciences

Secteur :

Health and Related Sciences & Technology

Université :

University of Toronto

Programme :

Accelerate

Targeting clonal heterogeneity in treatment-refractory Glioblastoma with novel and empiric immunotherapies

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary adult brain tumor, characterized by extensive cellular and genetic heterogeneity. Even with surgery, standard chemotherapy, and radiation, tumor recurrence and patient relapse are inevitable with a median survival rate of <15 months. The overall goal of this proposal is to identify new therapeutic targets that drive clonal evolution in treatment-refractory GBM, develop novel and empirical immunotherapies that harness the immune system and target specific cell surface receptors on GBM cells at the same time, and undertake preclinical evaluation of candidate therapeutic antibodies using our unique animal model of human GBM recurrence. The interns in this proposed cluster will be involved in 1) tracking GBM cell populations to determine the intracellular pathways that drive relapse and 2) the development of novel biologics to target specific proteins in these pathways under the direction of Dr. Moffat (UofT) as well as 3) testing these in animal models in Dr. Singh’s lab (McMaster). A promising lead panel of biotherapeutics will be translated into early clinical development at the partner organization, CCAB, and their its network of clinicians and industry partners with the hope of generating targeted therapies

Voir la description complète du projet
Superviseur du corps professoral :

Jason Moffat;Sheila Kumari Singh

Étudiant :

Partenaire :

Centre for the Commercialization of Antibodies and Biologics

Discipline :

Life Sciences

Secteur :

Professional, scientific and technical services

Université :

McMaster University; University of Toronto

Programme :

Accelerate

Towards a sustainable water future: Exploring water governance mechanisms and SDG 6 achievability

There is a growing connection between humans and environment. This connection plays out in many important ways, but has also created many complex problems. The United Nations created the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in order to address many of these problems. One such dilemma that has arisen is around access to clean water and sanitation. SDG6 seeks to ensure access to clean water and sanitation for all, but it is unclear if preexisting institutions and policies will be able to achieve this. In order to better understand how decision-makers in water governance can help achieve SDG6, I propose to use a country-case study in India, using qualitative research methodology like interviews and focus groups, to better understand if current water governance mechanisms can achieve SDG6. More specifically, I hope to capture what has worked and what has not in order to make recommendations on how
we can achieve a more sustainable water future through SDG 6 on local, regional, national and international scales.

Voir la description complète du projet
Superviseur du corps professoral :

Prateep Kumar Nayak

Étudiant :

Partenaire :

Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment

Discipline :

Sociology

Secteur :

Université :

University of Waterloo

Programme :

Globalink Research Award

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