Projets novateurs réalisés

Linking the eco-systems of Montreal’s aerospace and ICT/AI clusters: Implications for Innovation

The purpose of this project is to map the networking structure of Montreal’s aerospace and ICT/AI clusters, and most importantly, the linkages that exist between these two clusters. As the global Aerospace industry continues to embrace digitization, Canadian Aerospace industry needs to act fast to hold a leading position in the international market. Montreal hosts the third largest Aerospace cluster in the world, Aéromontreal, and a booming artificial intelligence cluster that is quickly becoming a world leader. Montreal has recently attracted a lot of public and private investment in its technological sectors, notably in artificial intelligence segment. This project will help to analyze existing complementarities between the two clusters and potential for new opportunities with structural wholes to be filled in. TO BE CONT’D

Evaluation of Measures to Control and Prevent Clostridium difficile Infection

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has become the leading cause of hospital acquired nosocomial diarrhea worldwide. The prolonged hospital stays associated with CDI has enormous impact on the healthcare systems in terms of costs and patient outcomes. While treatment of CDI is an important area for ongoing research, prevention efforts will need to be enhanced to interrupt CDI transmission. Given the current efforts for the development of an anti-CDI vaccine, research to evaluate vaccine and its impact along with the existing intervention measures is a key component of the healthcare system approaches to combating CDI. We develop a state-of-the-art simulation model to assess the effectiveness of measures currently in practice, including

Reducing birdstrike risks at airports by integrated pest management of insects – Year two

Birds at airports present danger to moving aircraft and other vehicles using the area. Some of the higher risk bird species are ducks, gulls and shorebirds who come to the grassy areas surrounding the runways to feed on insects. We are attempting to reduce the numbers of these high-risk birds using the Vancouver International Airport by reducing the numbers of the insects they feed on. By changing the way we manage the grassy areas of the airport, we hope to reduce insect abundance, and therefore bird presence. Our study is focused on discovering what kinds of measures are most effective at reducing insect abundance.

Reducing birdstrike risks at airports by integrated pest management of insects

Problem: Airports are increasingly important, both economically and socially, for the movement of people and goods. A major risk faced by airports is the potential for collisions between aircraft and birds (bird strikes). Bird strikes are dangerous and expensive, with costs including the repair of damaged aircraft and of closed runways delaying flights and leaving planes in the air until they are cleared.
Objective: We will determine whether pest control of insects around airfields can decrease the abundance of foraging birds near runways and reduce the risk of bird strikes.
Expected results: By mapping insect abundance and bird activity at Vancouver International Airport, we will determine which insect species attract birds into areas of the airport that create a high risk for bird strikes. TO BE CONT’D

Understanding and Improving Knowledge Flow in Software Organizations – Year two

Software engineering practitioners recognize that good documentation and effective knowledge sharing are critical to the success of a project and also to developer productivity. Yet, writing and maintaining documentation is often an afterthought for software engineering teams. What is more, managing knowledge or spending time to share information with others is typically not part of the reward structure for software developers, leading them to give it a low priority. This causes breakdowns in the flow of knowledge, duplication of effort, and reinvention of workarounds.
Microsoft builds complex software products and its engineers use a variety of tools during development. This project aims to identify the root cause of low satisfaction with knowledge flow by studying developers’ information search and retrieval habits when solving problems, and how they perceive information management and sharing. TO BE CONT’D

Survey Design for the Borehole Induced Polarization Method: A Modelling and Inversion Study

The Induced Polarization (IP) method of exploration geophysics can sense the depth, size and

composition of certain metallic ore bodies. Measurements from within boreholes that surround an ore

body can help determine its size and hence its economic worth. Such geophysical methods of

determining the economic viability of a deposit are cheaper than doing so by drilling boreholes. Abitibi

Geophysique, inc., offer as a product to the mineral exploration industry a novel way of carrying out a

borehole IP survey. Abitibi Geophysique can make measurements using any locations within any pair

of boreholes that are available. However, there is a redundancy of information: doubling the number of

measurement locations, while doubling the length of time for a survey and hence its cost, doesn’t

necessarily provide twice the information about the ore body. The goal of this project, therefore, is to

determine the measurement configuration for Abitibi Geophysique’s borehole IP surveys that provides

the most information about an ore…

Understanding and Improving Knowledge Flow in Software Organizations

Software teams and organizations use various tools — either by design or appropriation — to manage and share knowledge. Software engineering practitioners recognize that good documentation and effective knowledge sharing are critical to the success of a project and also to developer productivity. Yet, writing and maintaining documentation is often an afterthought for software engineering teams, and its very utility is subject to the software development methodology followed. What is more, managing knowledge or spending time to share information with others is typically not part of the reward structure for software developers, leading them to give it a low priority. This results in breakdowns in the flow of knowledge due to missing or poor quality information, duplication of effort, and reinvention of workarounds.
Microsoft builds a large number of complex software products and its engineers use a variety of tools during development. TO BE CONT’D

Assessing the Utility of a Commercial Mobile EEG in Detecting Age-Related Differences in the Brain – Year two

The world is aging rapidly and healthy cognitive aging a major healthcare priority. Thus, a better understanding of how the brain changes with normal aging versus pathology is required. Advancements in wearable technologies may allow the assessment of brain function with greater ease, accessibility, and at a lower cost, as compared with traditional neuroimaging techniques. Currently, commercially available portable electroencephalogram (EEG) device offers the potential to evaluate brain function. However, this needs to be tested and validated. Therefore, this research will use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) as a reference to determine whether portable EEG can offer comparable reliability and sensitivity in assessing brain function. Synaptitude Brain Health, the partner organization, aims to promote overall brain wellness through non-pharmaceutical approaches. Through this project, Synaptitude Brain Health will gain the ability the make an evidence-based decision regarding using the portable EEG as an alternative to the more expensive fMRI.

Assessing the Utility of a Commercial Mobile EEG in Detecting Age-Related Differences in the Brain

The world’s population is aging and thus, healthy cognitive aging a major healthcare priority and goal. Yet, a better understanding of how the brain changes with normal aging versus pathology is required. Recent advancements in wearable technologies may allow the assessment of brain function with greater ease, accessibility, and at a lower cost, as compared with traditional neuroimaging techniques. Specifically, there is now a commercially available mobile electroencephalogram (EEG) device that has the potential to provide information on brain functional connectivity. However, this needs to be tested and validated. Thus, the propose research will use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) as a reference to determine whether the mobile EEG device can offer comparable resolution and sensitivity in assessing functional neural networks. The goal of Synaptitude Brain Health, the partner organization, is to promote overall brain wellness through non-pharmaceutical approaches. TO BE CONT”D

Green Chemistry for Green Solvents – Year two

A major contributor to smog formation is the release of volatile chemicals into the atmosphere which are emitted from many sources including automobile exhaust and consumer products such as paints. To combat the adverse effects smog has on air quality in North America, agencies such as Environment and Climate Change (Canada) and the Environmental Protection Agency (United States) enforce limits on the types and amounts of chemicals used in industrial applications and consumer products. Replacing chemicals that are known to contribute heavily to smog formation, with environmentally friendly chemicals are highly sought after targets. We propose to work with TBF Environmental to develop environmentally friendly alternatives, which will reduce harmful smog emissions when used in place of currently used industrial chemicals. We aim to produce environmentally friendly chemicals from renewable plant bio-mass.

Green Chemistry for Green Solvents

A major contributor to smog formation is the release of volatile chemicals into the atmosphere which are emitted from many sources including automobile exhaust and consumer products such as paints. To combat the adverse effects smog has on air quality in North America, agencies such as Environment and Climate Change (Canada) and the Environmental Protection Agency (United States) enforce limits on the types and amounts of chemicals used in industrial applications and consumer products. Replacing chemicals that are known to contribute heavily to smog formation, with environmentally friendly chemicals are highly sought after targets. We propose to work with TBF Environmental to develop environmentally friendly alternatives, which will reduce harmful smog emissions when used in place of currently used industrial chemicals. We aim to produce environmentally friendly chemicals from renewable plant bio-mass.

Local Buckling Response of Pipe

Onshore and offshore pipe systems may be subject to loading events that result in

mechanical response exceeding the material strength. There are technical and economic

incentives for developing non-conventional, higher strength materials for use in long

distance, large diameter and high pressure transmission pipeline systems. There exists

uncertainty on the key factors influencing the mechanical response of these materials in

pipe systems subject to large deformation loading events. This study will develop an

analytical tool that can be used to assess the pipe mechanical integrity. Functional

relationships will be developed to characterize the pipe strength and deformation

resistance that can be used by design engineering to develop practical and economic

solutions.