Projets novateurs réalisés

Trajectoires de prise de médicaments chez les personnes atteintes de sclérose en plaques – Une analyse de données du monde réel

La sclérose en plaques est une maladie chronique qui atteint généralement les jeunes adultes. Elle est souvent associée à d’autres maladies chroniques telles que l’hypertension artérielle. Les patients ont donc tendance à consommer plusieurs médicaments pour traiter la sclérose en plaques et les autres maladies. Or, la consommation de plusieurs médicaments peut avoir des effets indésirables, mais peu d’études ont regardé l’impact potentiel sur la santé des individus avec la sclérose en plaques.

Cette étude vise à décrire comment la consommation des médicaments change au cours de la vie des personnes avec la sclérose en plaques. Ensuite, nous allons utiliser des méthodes statistiques qui permettent de regrouper les gens selon leur profil d’usage de médicaments et nous identifierons quelles caractéristiques déterminent l’appartenance à chacun des groupes.

Pour répondre à ces questions, des données québécoises comprenant des adultes ayant eu un nouveau diagnostic de sclérose en plaques seront utilisées. Les conclusions de cette étude aideront à mieux comprendre l’usage de médicaments dans cette population et à aider les cliniciens à mieux déterminer les situations où la consommation de médicaments peut nuire à la santé.

Indigenous Governance in Child and Family Wellbeing Agencies

Established in 1986, Native Child and Family Services of Toronto (NCFST) is a multi-service urban Aboriginal agency providing holistic, culture-based programs and services for Indigenous children and families. NCFST has now arrived at the stage where we must better reflect the holistic Indigenous worldview so that we better reflect what we are supposed to be: an Indigenous agency. Aligning agency governance with traditional forms of governance should then lead to decisions that
are more consistent with cultural values and expectations.
Over the Winter of 2022/2023, NCFST’s Board of Directors decided to transition from a mainstream hierarchical leadership structure towards an Indigenous governance model grounded in consensus-based decision-making. To help make this
change, this project will involve conducting interviews and focus groups with other key urban Indigenous leaders in Toronto, to learn about governance practices. Knowledge gained will help NCFST with the desired transition, all for the benefit of the
community served.

Topology Optimization for Mass Reduction of a Roller Coaster Vehicle Bogie Subject to Fatigue Constraints

The proposed research involves a partnership between researchers at Queen’s University (Kingston, Ontario) and industry experts at Dynamic Structures (Burnaby, British Columbia). The primary objective of this research is to optimize the design of a rollercoaster vehicle bogie. Two goals are defined to be simultaneously achieved by the project: the minimization of both the bogie weight and cost, while ensuring structural, certification, functional, and fatigue-related requirements are met.

Prevalence of uterine pathology in women

Our team hopes to learn more about how common problems are within the uterus of Canadian women and people who were assigned female at birth but no longer identify as women. The uterus can have many problems such as fibroids, adenomyosis, polyps, congenital anomalies, isthmoceles, and intrauterine adhesions. In general, ultrasound is the main tool for diagnosing uterus problems. We will aim to use 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional ultrasound. We will ask patients from a general obstetrics and gynecology ultrasound practice to participate. Those who agree will have their normal ultrasound performed and the data will be collected to answer the study questions.

Wolves as indicators of ecosystem services in Wolf Lake First Nation traditional lands

Understanding the interplay among the diverse values that provide ecological services is an important research undertaking. Objectives of the proposed research are to examine the interaction between landscape-scale wildlife and carbon values and to investigate the use of wolves as foci for ecotourism activities. Internship objectives are: 1) estimation of wolf and prey densities through camera trapping, radio telemetry, and pellet counts, 2) collection of biological materials for genetic analyses, 3) examination of wolf seasonal movements and prey use, and 4) investigation of wolf-related ecotourism opportunities. The research project is of direct value to the Wolf Lake First Nation in that it will provide guidance on landscape management and ecotourism development. The primary long-term objective is to contribute to the diversification of economic development activities that are compatible with the cultural and environmental values and aspirations of the community members

Towards a Legal Framework for AI-Powered Climate-Smart Agriculture

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Piloting the Transitioning From Volume to Value in Tourism Measurement

One of the sustainability challenges of the tourism sector is that, while there is growing understanding that volume alone is not a determinant of balanced tourism development, the standard indicators used to measure, track and report tourism sector performance are volume-based, i.e., number of arrivals/overnight stays. This issue results in policies, budgets, and strategies that are driven by growth. A transition to value-based measurement is only possible if there is an alternative that is easy to administer and transition to.
This project aims to address this need through three steps. First, to collect and combine existing sustainable tourism metrics. Second, to study any successes of destinations that have tried to move from volume-based indicators to value based ones. Third, to narrow the extensive list of metrics and develop a prototype to test the viability of a simple (one to three indicator) alternative to current volume-based metrics.

Evidence synthesis to help contextualize the evidence to support innovation in physical activity promotion in Alberta

To ensure that PPPH priority projects are developed using the most up-to-date evidence and to increase the likelihood of project success, evidence synthesis will be crucial in facilitating a deeper understanding of community health issues, the contributing factors, associated health inequities, and appropriate interventions to improve health outcomes. The objective of this project is to conduct evidence synthesis to systematically identify and assess physical activity organizations in Alberta and Canada to generate recommendations on credible sources of information and establish partnerships that can be leveraged to enhance the effectiveness of physical activity promotion in Alberta. The promotion of physical activity aligns with the PPPH strategic priority area – “Reduce chronic diseases by focusing on modifiable risk factors in priority populations or communities.” Key findings from the evidence synthesis will be summarized into a comprehensive final report and a presentation. The evidence synthesis will contribute to a better understanding of important issues affecting the health of Albertans, as well as the contributing factors and interventions to improve health outcomes in the province.

Passing-through I-plates-to-RHS moment resisting connections using LCT (Laser Cutting Technology)

The collaborative effort between INSA Rennes and the University of Toronto will center around advancing research related to beam/column joints with passing-through plates-to-SHS connections, where the SHS column is infilled with concrete. This collaboration seeks to leverage the expertise and unique contributions of both institutions to address the gaps in current knowledge, especially in the realm of infilled hollow structural section connections where existing standards in Europe and North America lack specific guidance. The aim is to develop a calculation method tailored to these connection types, providing essential design guidelines and practical examples.

Planification des horaires des médecins avec l’apprentissage par renforcement

La planification des horaires des médecins joue un rôle central pour assurer le bon fonctionnement des services de santé, notamment aux urgences. Une planification efficace des horaires des médecins est cruciale pour maintenir des soins optimaux aux patients, une utilisation des ressources et une efficacité organisationnelle globale. Cependant, l’une des questions les moins explorées dans la littérature concerne la perturbation de la planification initiale. Une solution à ce problème est l’apprentissage par renforcement. Ce projet de recherche vise à optimiser les horaires des médecins aux services d’urgence dans un environnement dynamique grâce à l’apprentissage par renforcement.

Data Exploration Applied to Clinical Health Research & Innovation

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Valorisation des données dans les services d’urgences

L’optimisation de l’efficacité des services de soins de santé demeure un défi perpétuel dans le domaine de la gestion hospitalière et de la planification des ressources médicales. Les problèmes majeurs liés à la gestion du personnel, des lits et des ressources médicales sont susceptibles de compromettre la rapidité du service, mettant ainsi les patients dans des conditions critiques, en raison de l’afflux imprévisible de patients dans les hôpitaux et les centres de soins. D’après les études les plus récentes, il a été découvert que les algorithmes d’intelligence artificielle (IA) et les algorithmes d’optimisation se sont révélés être des moyens efficaces pour améliorer la prédiction des arrivées et la prise en charge des patients, permettant ainsi une amélioration significative de leurs performances.
Ce projet vise essentiellement à améliorer le processus de gestion en urgence premièrement par le développement des modèles pour prédire l’arrivée des patients en considèrent plusieurs variables et deuxièmement par la conception d’une interface web qui aidera les gestionnaires d’urgences de suivre en temps réels les indicateurs de performances des services d’urgence, et qui aidera les médecins d’urgences à planifier leurs horaires.