Bio-oil derived from fast pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction of lignocellulosic biomass usually contains a high oxygen content (30-50%), leading to a relatively low heating value, high viscosity and poor stability. Moreover, the presence of organic acids in crude bio-oil results in low pH value and hence corrosion of the reactor materials (steel or alloys). To […]

Concrete is a major construction material used worldwide responsible for the production of roughly 7% of total global carbon dioxide emissions. The extent of its environmental impact relates to the energy embodied in extraction and transportation of concrete aggregates with a direct link to the amount of Portland cement (PC) used to bind the raw […]

With the development of industry, more and more energy consumption has brought about a huge crisis. The development of renewable energy technologies, such as photovoltaic equipment, offers new hope for solving energy problems. Solantro SFnG has been developed and operated in the company’s lab for about 5 years. This real-life nanogrid contains PV panels, energy […]

Bio-fuels derived from biomass can supply a proportion of energy consumption in Canada and can reduce our dependence on the availability of fossil-fuels which is depleting. This research is proposed 10 convert wasle biomass into value-added products, such as fuels and chemicals species. This research proposes to utilize Fenton-type reactions to convert lignin under ambient […]

A true blind party is a service provider that does not have access to unencrypted data of its clients. We note that, in such an environment, the client must securely maintain the many keys that may be required for the files. In addition, if there are collaborating organizations, the client must securely deliver the appropriate […]

Financial market’s stability depends on the accurate pricing of financial products traded in the market. This makes accurate pricing of products a top priority for the banks and financial instruments. Inaccurate prices can lead to instability in the market and formation of bubbles. This leads into market crashes such as the 2008 crash where the […]

Pathogenic bacteria have the potential to devastate humanity, and without antibiotics (which are failing), we face a humanitarian crisis. The bacterial cell wall is a principle target of antibiotics, and its understanding is essential to preventing an antibiotic crisis. Our hypothesis is that the process of cell wall peptidoglycan and outer membrane biogenesis must be […]

Although ambitious climate change laws are encouraging the sustainable retrofits required to meet carbon emissions reductions targets, a lack of understanding of the synergies between sustainability and preservation often results in interventions which adversely impact heritage values or are less effective than they could have been. Interns will work with MTBA Associates, Inc. to gather, […]

The long-term economic viability of the Canadian forestry sector has been threatened for several years now due to many reasons such as high energy and fibers costs, and the falling demand for key products (such as newsprint). At the same time, the country’s chemical processing industry has also suffered a major downturn from the lack […]

The fault ride-through (FRT) capability of a wind farm is major challenge because the disconnection of a large wind farms caused by network disturbances may lead to system instability and cascaded failures. Recent studies mostly focused on FRT capabilities for the voltage-source converter (VSC) based wind farms. Although, the current-source converter (CSC) based wind energy […]

Although several attempts have been carried out to derive statistics about eN Tower lightning current waveform parameters, which are essential for the design of appropriate protection systems, the results have been limited use because of the nature of the collected data. The absence of both the continuous and continuing currents from the collected data, made […]

The successful development of new drug formulations, delivery vehicles, and devices for the eye requires testing in physiologically relevant in vitro eye models. The use of cell tissue culture plates provides a good model for testing toxicity, but they lack some of the important factors present on the eye. There are microfluidic chips that have […]