Toronto’s CN Tower is the world tallest freestanding tower structure. Built between 1973 and 1975, this giant communication and observation tower represents the extensive design process that lasted six years. The structural design of the Tower was one of the major challenges of design process.
The objective of this study is to determine how LEED Existing Buildings, Operations and Maintenance [LEED EB (O&M)] and BOMA BESt rating systems perfrom with respect to reductions in environmental impact, measureable resource use, continual improvement and perceived social values. The study will also place these two ratings into a context of other environmental initiatives that may affect building owners and occupiers.
Micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) refer to integrated mechanical & electrical systems in micron scale that are now growing in numbers due to a miniaturization trend. An advanced actuation method proposed for MEMS in University of Toronto and Ryerson University will be applied for an auto-focus mechanism in cell phone cameras. This research will build on work conducted by a six-member research team in both universities. The proposed MEMS autofocus not only has larger depth of focus, but also is faster than the current technologies, and is easier to implement.
Breast cancer tumors spread to the rest of the body through the sentinel lymph nodes (the first lymph node to receive lymphatic drainage from a tumor). The metastases of breast cancer can be controlled by the detection and removal of these nodes. The surgical removal of the auxillary lymph nodes and perform biopsy tests is the only reliable way to detect and remove the nodes. This procedure can result in significant morbidity.
The project concentrates on developing a holistic approach to integrate bio-refinery with multiple feedstocks. The proposal is directed towards the use of all types of renewable raw materials except food. The project examines the possibility of retrofitting an existing petroleum refinery and petro-chemical complex into integrated bio-refinery to emphasize the utilization of existing infrastructure for bio-fuels; bio-products and direct bio-energy production.
