Chinook salmon are anadromous fish, with juveniles spending 1-2 years in freshwater before migrating to sea to mature for 2-5 years and returning to freshwater to spawn and die. ‘Smoltification’ is the physiological, morphological, and behavioural transition of freshwater stream-dwelling ‘parr’ to downstream migrating ‘smolts’ and, eventually, saltwater marine ‘post-smolts’. If the salmon do not […]
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