The extraction, storage, conveyance, and refining of petroleum hydrocarbon liquids (or nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs)) often result in their accidental release into the environment. Consequently, NAPLs will travel into subsurface soils and may enter groundwater, further exacerbating the extent of contamination. Aside from being energy-intensive, disruptive of the environment, and incur treatment durations that may […]
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