The sources of ions in a particle accelerator are called an ion source. These are composed of a chamber with a plasma (collection of ions and electrons) generated inside. The ions within this chamber are pulled out as a beam into particle accelerator, where they are eventually used for semiconductor manufacturing, production of radioisotopes for […]

Our galaxy the Milky Way and our orbiting companion Andromeda are the dominant members of a small collection of galaxies, the Local Group, which is about 3 million light years across. Recently, it was recognized that the Local Group is simply a mass concentration in a thin “Local Sheet” of galaxies spanning 35 million light […]

Heavy metal toxicity has been a cause for public health concern for decades. There are a variety of industries that both produce heavy metals as a byproduct, or use them directly in consumer products or practical applications. In particular, cadmium (Cd) is one such toxic metal that is known to induce negative effects not only […]

Semiconducting polymers (SPs) are at the forefront of the next generation of organic electronics. They enable seamless integration into various biological and industrial applications. SPs can be engineered to be mechanically compliant and soft, giving them an advantage over silicon-based electronics. Their electronic and solid-state properties also make them promising candidates for emerging organic electronics. […]